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Constellations and Their Influence: Beyond the Zodiac

When people hear the word burj (constellation), they often think of the familiar zodiac signs that appear in newspapers. These usually describe the position of the Sun in relation to a constellation at the time of one’s birth. While this has importance, it is only one part of a much deeper picture. In classical wisdom, constellations (burūj) shift roles and influence depending on their position in the sky, not just through the Sun alone.


The Rising Constellation — البرج الطالع (al-burj al-ṭāliʿ)

One of the most emphasized positions in classical texts is البرج الطالع (al-burj al-ṭāliʿ) — “the rising constellation” or “the Ascendant.”
This refers to the constellation that is appearing on the eastern horizon at the very moment of a child’s birth. Ancient scholars viewed this moment as highly significant, because the horizon marks the meeting point between the heavens and the earth, the unseen and the seen. The constellation rising there was believed to shape how a person steps into life and how others first perceive them.

Unlike the Sun’s position, which is the same for everyone born on the same day, the rising constellation changes every two hours. That means even people born on the same date can have very different rising constellations, giving each individual a unique celestial imprint.
👉 This is why not only the Gregorian date but also the exact time of birth is important when determining the influence of constellations.


The Sun’s Position Among the Constellations

The Sun’s burj — the constellation in which the Sun is positioned at birth — was traditionally linked with a person’s inner nature, vitality, and core direction in life. This is why zodiac signs remain popular and valid to consider. However, they are not the only determining factor. The Sun’s journey through the twelve constellations of the zodiac shows the shifting balance of light and energy, but it was always seen as part of a larger system.


More Than One Aspect to Consider

Classical teachings make it clear that no single factor alone defines the influence of the heavens. The rising constellation (al-burj al-ṭāliʿ), the Sun’s burj, and other celestial arrangements — such as the positions of stars and their alignment with the horizon — all form a network of influences. This means that the constellation connected to you by the Sun is only one layer; the constellation rising at your birth may often be more directly impactful in shaping your earthly experience.

Scholars also reminded us that the very first moment of human formation — when life begins in the unseen stages within the womb — has its own constellation rising above the horizon. This moment is hidden from all human calculation, and it cannot be known by any system of charts or tables. It is a reminder that, while constellations may offer signs, this knowledge is not an exact or calculable science. Ultimately, ‘The Creator’ alone knows the reality and the unseen, and human understanding remains partial and symbolic.


Clearing a Common Misunderstanding

Many today think constellations affect a person only through the zodiac sign of the Sun. In reality, classical wisdom regarded the rising constellation as often more immediately influential. The zodiac is valid, but it is incomplete without recognizing the constellations as they rise, set, and align with the Sun and other celestial bodies.

✨ In short:

  • Sun’s burj shows part of the picture — the light of life and direction.
  • al-burj al-ṭāliʿ (rising constellation) gives a more personal imprint at the moment of birth.
  • Other positions of constellations and stars also carry weight.
  • The earliest unseen moment of life’s beginning also holds its own sign, though it remains known only to Allah.

Together, they form a living map, reminding us that the heavens influence not just by the Sun’s fixed position, but through the continuous movement and rising of the constellations.

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Measuring the Universe

A Journey Through Falak, Stars, and Beyond

When we look at the night sky, we see shining points of light—planets, stars, and galaxies. These are not abstract ideas, but real creations, arranged in perfect order. The Qur’an describes the seven skies, each layered above the other: the orbits of the Moon, Mercury (ʿUṭārid), Venus (Zuhra), the Sun (Shams), Mars (Mirrikh), Jupiter (Mushtarī), and Saturn (Zuhal). Beyond them lies the Falak al-Burūj, the sphere of stars. Still farther is the Falak al-Muḥīṭ, the all-encompassing sky.

To sense the immensity of these spheres, we can shrink the universe onto paper and hand-held scales. Through three stages, the vastness of creation comes into perspective.


Stage One: Earth as a 1 mm Dot

Draw a tiny 1 mm dot on paper. That dot represents Earth.

  • The Moon’s orbit lies only a few cm away.
  • The Sun would be about 15 cm from the dot.
  • Jupiter more than 1 m out.
  • Saturn, the seventh sky, nearly 3 m away.

Even on a room-sized sheet, the planetary system barely fits. And yet this is only the opening act of the heavens.


Stage Two: Shrinking the Seven Skies

Now shrink the entire planetary system—Earth to Saturn—into a single 1 mm circle. That speck contains all the planets and their orbits.

Beyond it lies the Falak al-Burūj, the starry sphere. To mark its edge, we use Earendel (the farthest star detected so far). Its light has traveled about 12.9 billion years to reach us.

At this scale:

  • Saturn’s orbit = 1 mm
  • Distance to Earendel ≈ 85 million km on paper

To grasp this size, compare with Earth’s diameter (12,742 km). The paper needed equals 6,700 Earths laid side by side. Imagine covering such a sheet just to draw the stars!

This shows how tiny the planetary skies are compared to the starry heavens.


Stage Three: The Egg and the Infinite Desert

Now imagine shrinking the entire Falak al-Burūj—all stars and galaxies up to Earendel—into the size of a chicken egg, about 5 cm wide. Inside that egg sits the whole visible universe.

Beyond it stretches the Falak al-Muḥīṭ, the all-encompassing sphere. Modern astronomy estimates the radius of the observable universe at about 46.5 billion light-years. In our scale, that would be about 36 cm—slightly larger than a small book.

But the truth is greater. Falak al-Muḥīṭ is not limited to what we can see. The visible universe is only the starting point, like a tiny egg placed in a vast desert. Beyond it lies an endless expanse that no telescope can capture, no imagination can measure.

Reflections

These stages are not just numbers, but lessons:

  • Perspective – Earth is a dot, the planets a speck, the stars thousands of Earths wide, and the visible universe an egg in an infinite desert.
  • Reality – The Qur’an’s skies are real, not symbolic. Each layer opens into realms greater than the last.
  • Infinity – Even our most powerful vision sees only a speck in the limitless ocean of Falak al-Muḥīṭ.

Conclusion

All of this vast machinery—the skies, planets, stars, and galaxies—was created not in vain, but with purpose. Humanity is the pinnacle of this design. The universe exists as a stage for human beings, who are destined to recognize, serve, and reflect the wisdom of Allah.

So when you look at the heavens, whether a single star or the thought of infinite space, remember: it all exists so that humans may live, know, and fulfill their purpose.